Alfred Hitchcock? George Bernard Shaw? Apocryphal?
Quote Investigator: In 1963 “The Oregonian” of Portland, Oregon published comments made by Alfred Hitchcock during a phone interview. Emphasis added to excerpts by QI:[ref] 1963 November 22, The Oregonian, Behind the Mike by Francis Murphy, Quote Page 7, Column 1, Portland, Oregon. (GenealogyBank) [/ref]
Motion pictures are the only form of entertainment where the audience is forced to sit quietly for two or three hours without interruption, Hitchcock continued. In theatrical terms, television is superior in this regard to motion pictures. The hour-long show is broken into three acts because of the commercials.
“Wasn’t it George Bernard Shaw who tried that noble experiment in one of his early plays? He tried to discover how long the first act could run, based upon the endurance of the human bladder. I wish I could recall his conclusions.”
On this occasion Hitchcock spoke on the bladder theme, but he did not utter a synoptic remark that would fit into a book of quotations. QI is unsure whether Shaw actually wrote or spoke on this topic.
A year later in 1964 Hitchcock traveled to San Francisco, California to shoot a scene for the film “Marnie”, and he communicated with a journalist working for the “San Francisco Examiner”. Hitchcock said that the running time of “Marnie” would be less than two hours, and he opposed overly-long films:[ref] 1964 February 12, San Francisco Examiner, Hitchcock on Shipboard by Jeanne Miller, Quote Page 5C, Column 5, San Francisco, California. (Newspapers_com) [/ref]
“If it’s a compelling story, you want to read it at one sitting. The novel can be put down and picked up again. The play is divided into three acts. But the movie should be quick, terse and all of a piece.
“I think it was Shaw who advised young playwrights to gear the length of each act to the endurance of the human bladder.”
Below are additional selected citations in chronological order.
In 1966 the Canadian film periodical “Take One” published an interview with Hitchcock conducted by Budge Crawley, Fletcher Markle, and Gerald Pratley. Hitchcock broached the topic of basic bodily functions again:[ref] 1972, Focus On Hitchcock, Edited by Albert J. LaValley, Chapter: I Wish I Didn’t Have to Shoot the Picture; An Interview with Alfred Hitchcock by Budge Crawley, Fletcher Markle, and Gerald Pratley, (From Take One, Volume 1, Number 1, 1966, from Unicorn Publishing Corporation), Quote Page 26, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. (Verified with scans) [/ref]
You know, Bernard Shaw once tried to figure out how long an act of a play would be based on the endurance of the human bladder. And that is our fundamental problem when we devise a film. We do ask a person to sit there for two hours and therefore the shape and story-shape comes into it considerably because, as you get toward the end when they, your audience, might begin to be—shall we say—physically distracted, you must increase the interest on the screen to take their minds off this kind of thing.
In 1979 “The Book of Hollywood Quotes” compiled by Gary Herman included an entry for a concise statement credited to Hitchcock. Interestingly, Shaw was not mentioned, and the reference did not present a supporting citation:[ref] 1979, The Book of Hollywood Quotes, Compiled by Gary Herman, Chapter 3: Never Mind the Quality, Quote Page 26, Column 1, Omnibus Press, London. (Verified with scans) [/ref]
The length of a film should be directly related to the endurance of the human bladder.
Alfred Hitchcock.
In 1980 the “Minneapolis Tribune” of Minnesota printed the quotation and attribution listed immediately above as a filler item.[ref] 1980 August 1, Minneapolis Tribune (Star Tribune), (Filler item), Quote Page 6B, Column 6, Minneapolis, Minnesota. (Newspapers_com) [/ref]
In 1993 “The Alfred Hitchcock Quote Book” edited by Laurent Bouzereau printed the quotation above without a supporting citation.[ref] 1993, The Alfred Hitchcock Quote Book, Edited by Laurent Bouzereau, Chapter 7: Hitch – The Man Who Knew So Much, Quote Page 156, A Citadel Press Book: Carol Publishing Group, New York. (Verified with scans) [/ref]
In conclusion, Alfred Hitchcock should be credited with the remarks he made in the interviews from 1963, 1964, and 1966 which are presented at the beginning of this article. Hitchcock referred to George Bernard Shaw, but he was not quoting Shaw. Currently, the 1979 quotation does not have substantive support. It looks like a simplified summary statement that someone assigned to Hitchcock.
Image Notes: Illustration of a film projector from geralt at Pixabay.
(Great thanks to top researcher Fred Shapiro whose inquiry led QI to formulate this question and perform this exploration. Special thanks to research colleagues Donna Halper, Barbara Schmidt, and Peter Reitan who identified crucial citations beginning in 1963. QI found the “San Francisco Examiner” citation.)